1

                  GNU LESSER GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE

     2

                       Version 2.1, February 1999

     3

     4

 Copyright (C) 1991, 1999 Free Software Foundation, Inc.

     5

 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA  02110-1301  USA

     6

 Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies

     7

 of this license document, but changing it is not allowed.

     8

     9

[This is the first released version of the Lesser GPL.  It also counts

    10

 as the successor of the GNU Library Public License, version 2, hence

    11

 the version number 2.1.]

    12

    13

                            Preamble

    14

    15

  The licenses for most software are designed to take away your

    16

freedom to share and change it.  By contrast, the GNU General Public

    17

Licenses are intended to guarantee your freedom to share and change

    18

free software--to make sure the software is free for all its users.

    19

    20

  This license, the Lesser General Public License, applies to some

    21

specially designated software packages--typically libraries--of the

    22

Free Software Foundation and other authors who decide to use it.  You

    23

can use it too, but we suggest you first think carefully about whether

    24

this license or the ordinary General Public License is the better

    25

strategy to use in any particular case, based on the explanations below.

    26

    27

  When we speak of free software, we are referring to freedom of use,

    28

not price.  Our General Public Licenses are designed to make sure that

    29

you have the freedom to distribute copies of free software (and charge

    30

for this service if you wish); that you receive source code or can get

    31

it if you want it; that you can change the software and use pieces of

    32

it in new free programs; and that you are informed that you can do

    33

these things.

    34

    35

  To protect your rights, we need to make restrictions that forbid

    36

distributors to deny you these rights or to ask you to surrender these

    37

rights.  These restrictions translate to certain responsibilities for

    38

you if you distribute copies of the library or if you modify it.

    39

    40

  For example, if you distribute copies of the library, whether gratis

    41

or for a fee, you must give the recipients all the rights that we gave

    42

you.  You must make sure that they, too, receive or can get the source

    43

code.  If you link other code with the library, you must provide

    44

complete object files to the recipients, so that they can relink them

    45

with the library after making changes to the library and recompiling

    46

it.  And you must show them these terms so they know their rights.

    47

    48

  We protect your rights with a two-step method: (1) we copyright the

    49

library, and (2) we offer you this license, which gives you legal

    50

permission to copy, distribute and/or modify the library.

    51

    52

  To protect each distributor, we want to make it very clear that

    53

there is no warranty for the free library.  Also, if the library is

    54

modified by someone else and passed on, the recipients should know

    55

that what they have is not the original version, so that the original

    56

author's reputation will not be affected by problems that might be

    57

introduced by others.

    58

    59

  Finally, software patents pose a constant threat to the existence of

    60

any free program.  We wish to make sure that a company cannot

    61

effectively restrict the users of a free program by obtaining a

    62

restrictive license from a patent holder.  Therefore, we insist that

    63

any patent license obtained for a version of the library must be

    64

consistent with the full freedom of use specified in this license.

    65

    66

  Most GNU software, including some libraries, is covered by the

    67

ordinary GNU General Public License.  This license, the GNU Lesser

    68

General Public License, applies to certain designated libraries, and

    69

is quite different from the ordinary General Public License.  We use

    70

this license for certain libraries in order to permit linking those

    71

libraries into non-free programs.

    72

    73

  When a program is linked with a library, whether statically or using

    74

a shared library, the combination of the two is legally speaking a

    75

combined work, a derivative of the original library.  The ordinary

    76

General Public License therefore permits such linking only if the

    77

entire combination fits its criteria of freedom.  The Lesser General

    78

Public License permits more lax criteria for linking other code with

    79

the library.

    80

    81

  We call this license the "Lesser" General Public License because it

    82

does Less to protect the user's freedom than the ordinary General

    83

Public License.  It also provides other free software developers Less

    84

of an advantage over competing non-free programs.  These disadvantages

    85

are the reason we use the ordinary General Public License for many

    86

libraries.  However, the Lesser license provides advantages in certain

    87

special circumstances.

    88

    89

  For example, on rare occasions, there may be a special need to

    90

encourage the widest possible use of a certain library, so that it becomes

    91

a de-facto standard.  To achieve this, non-free programs must be

    92

allowed to use the library.  A more frequent case is that a free

    93

library does the same job as widely used non-free libraries.  In this

    94

case, there is little to gain by limiting the free library to free

    95

software only, so we use the Lesser General Public License.

    96

    97

  In other cases, permission to use a particular library in non-free

    98

programs enables a greater number of people to use a large body of

    99

free software.  For example, permission to use the GNU C Library in

   100

non-free programs enables many more people to use the whole GNU

   101

operating system, as well as its variant, the GNU/Linux operating

   102

system.

   103

   104

  Although the Lesser General Public License is Less protective of the

   105

users' freedom, it does ensure that the user of a program that is

   106

linked with the Library has the freedom and the wherewithal to run

   107

that program using a modified version of the Library.

   108

   109

  The precise terms and conditions for copying, distribution and

   110

modification follow.  Pay close attention to the difference between a

   111

"work based on the library" and a "work that uses the library".  The

   112

former contains code derived from the library, whereas the latter must

   113

be combined with the library in order to run.

   114

   115

                  GNU LESSER GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE

   116

   TERMS AND CONDITIONS FOR COPYING, DISTRIBUTION AND MODIFICATION

   117

   118

  0. This License Agreement applies to any software library or other

   119

program which contains a notice placed by the copyright holder or

   120

other authorized party saying it may be distributed under the terms of

   121

this Lesser General Public License (also called "this License").

   122

Each licensee is addressed as "you".

   123

   124

  A "library" means a collection of software functions and/or data

   125

prepared so as to be conveniently linked with application programs

   126

(which use some of those functions and data) to form executables.

   127

   128

  The "Library", below, refers to any such software library or work

   129

which has been distributed under these terms.  A "work based on the

   130

Library" means either the Library or any derivative work under

   131

copyright law: that is to say, a work containing the Library or a

   132

portion of it, either verbatim or with modifications and/or translated

   133

straightforwardly into another language.  (Hereinafter, translation is

   134

included without limitation in the term "modification".)

   135

   136

  "Source code" for a work means the preferred form of the work for

   137

making modifications to it.  For a library, complete source code means

   138

all the source code for all modules it contains, plus any associated

   139

interface definition files, plus the scripts used to control compilation

   140

and installation of the library.

   141

   142

  Activities other than copying, distribution and modification are not

   143

covered by this License; they are outside its scope.  The act of

   144

running a program using the Library is not restricted, and output from

   145

such a program is covered only if its contents constitute a work based

   146

on the Library (independent of the use of the Library in a tool for

   147

writing it).  Whether that is true depends on what the Library does

   148

and what the program that uses the Library does.

   149

   150

  1. You may copy and distribute verbatim copies of the Library's

   151

complete source code as you receive it, in any medium, provided that

   152

you conspicuously and appropriately publish on each copy an

   153

appropriate copyright notice and disclaimer of warranty; keep intact

   154

all the notices that refer to this License and to the absence of any

   155

warranty; and distribute a copy of this License along with the

   156

Library.

   157

   158

  You may charge a fee for the physical act of transferring a copy,

   159

and you may at your option offer warranty protection in exchange for a

   160

fee.

   161

   162

  2. You may modify your copy or copies of the Library or any portion

   163

of it, thus forming a work based on the Library, and copy and

   164

distribute such modifications or work under the terms of Section 1

   165

above, provided that you also meet all of these conditions:

   166

   167

    a) The modified work must itself be a software library.

   168

   169

    b) You must cause the files modified to carry prominent notices

   170

    stating that you changed the files and the date of any change.

   171

   172

    c) You must cause the whole of the work to be licensed at no

   173

    charge to all third parties under the terms of this License.

   174

   175

    d) If a facility in the modified Library refers to a function or a

   176

    table of data to be supplied by an application program that uses

   177

    the facility, other than as an argument passed when the facility

   178

    is invoked, then you must make a good faith effort to ensure that,

   179

    in the event an application does not supply such function or

   180

    table, the facility still operates, and performs whatever part of

   181

    its purpose remains meaningful.

   182

   183

    (For example, a function in a library to compute square roots has

   184

    a purpose that is entirely well-defined independent of the

   185

    application.  Therefore, Subsection 2d requires that any

   186

    application-supplied function or table used by this function must

   187

    be optional: if the application does not supply it, the square

   188

    root function must still compute square roots.)

   189

   190

These requirements apply to the modified work as a whole.  If

   191

identifiable sections of that work are not derived from the Library,

   192

and can be reasonably considered independent and separate works in

   193

themselves, then this License, and its terms, do not apply to those

   194

sections when you distribute them as separate works.  But when you

   195

distribute the same sections as part of a whole which is a work based

   196

on the Library, the distribution of the whole must be on the terms of

   197

this License, whose permissions for other licensees extend to the

   198

entire whole, and thus to each and every part regardless of who wrote

   199

it.

   200

   201

Thus, it is not the intent of this section to claim rights or contest

   202

your rights to work written entirely by you; rather, the intent is to

   203

exercise the right to control the distribution of derivative or

   204

collective works based on the Library.

   205

   206

In addition, mere aggregation of another work not based on the Library

   207

with the Library (or with a work based on the Library) on a volume of

   208

a storage or distribution medium does not bring the other work under

   209

the scope of this License.

   210

   211

  3. You may opt to apply the terms of the ordinary GNU General Public

   212

License instead of this License to a given copy of the Library.  To do

   213

this, you must alter all the notices that refer to this License, so

   214

that they refer to the ordinary GNU General Public License, version 2,

   215

instead of to this License.  (If a newer version than version 2 of the

   216

ordinary GNU General Public License has appeared, then you can specify

   217

that version instead if you wish.)  Do not make any other change in

   218

these notices.

   219

   220

  Once this change is made in a given copy, it is irreversible for

   221

that copy, so the ordinary GNU General Public License applies to all

   222

subsequent copies and derivative works made from that copy.

   223

   224

  This option is useful when you wish to copy part of the code of

   225

the Library into a program that is not a library.

   226

   227

  4. You may copy and distribute the Library (or a portion or

   228

derivative of it, under Section 2) in object code or executable form

   229

under the terms of Sections 1 and 2 above provided that you accompany

   230

it with the complete corresponding machine-readable source code, which

   231

must be distributed under the terms of Sections 1 and 2 above on a

   232

medium customarily used for software interchange.

   233

   234

  If distribution of object code is made by offering access to copy

   235

from a designated place, then offering equivalent access to copy the

   236

source code from the same place satisfies the requirement to

   237

distribute the source code, even though third parties are not

   238

compelled to copy the source along with the object code.

   239

   240

  5. A program that contains no derivative of any portion of the

   241

Library, but is designed to work with the Library by being compiled or

   242

linked with it, is called a "work that uses the Library".  Such a

   243

work, in isolation, is not a derivative work of the Library, and

   244

therefore falls outside the scope of this License.

   245

   246

  However, linking a "work that uses the Library" with the Library

   247

creates an executable that is a derivative of the Library (because it

   248

contains portions of the Library), rather than a "work that uses the

   249

library".  The executable is therefore covered by this License.

   250

Section 6 states terms for distribution of such executables.

   251

   252

  When a "work that uses the Library" uses material from a header file

   253

that is part of the Library, the object code for the work may be a

   254

derivative work of the Library even though the source code is not.

   255

Whether this is true is especially significant if the work can be

   256

linked without the Library, or if the work is itself a library.  The

   257

threshold for this to be true is not precisely defined by law.

   258

   259

  If such an object file uses only numerical parameters, data

   260

structure layouts and accessors, and small macros and small inline

   261

functions (ten lines or less in length), then the use of the object

   262

file is unrestricted, regardless of whether it is legally a derivative

   263

work.  (Executables containing this object code plus portions of the

   264

Library will still fall under Section 6.)

   265

   266

  Otherwise, if the work is a derivative of the Library, you may

   267

distribute the object code for the work under the terms of Section 6.

   268

Any executables containing that work also fall under Section 6,

   269

whether or not they are linked directly with the Library itself.

   270

   271

  6. As an exception to the Sections above, you may also combine or

   272

link a "work that uses the Library" with the Library to produce a

   273

work containing portions of the Library, and distribute that work

   274

under terms of your choice, provided that the terms permit

   275

modification of the work for the customer's own use and reverse

   276

engineering for debugging such modifications.

   277

   278

  You must give prominent notice with each copy of the work that the

   279

Library is used in it and that the Library and its use are covered by

   280

this License.  You must supply a copy of this License.  If the work

   281

during execution displays copyright notices, you must include the

   282

copyright notice for the Library among them, as well as a reference

   283

directing the user to the copy of this License.  Also, you must do one

   284

of these things:

   285

   286

    a) Accompany the work with the complete corresponding

   287

    machine-readable source code for the Library including whatever

   288

    changes were used in the work (which must be distributed under

   289

    Sections 1 and 2 above); and, if the work is an executable linked

   290

    with the Library, with the complete machine-readable "work that

   291

    uses the Library", as object code and/or source code, so that the

   292

    user can modify the Library and then relink to produce a modified

   293

    executable containing the modified Library.  (It is understood

   294

    that the user who changes the contents of definitions files in the

   295

    Library will not necessarily be able to recompile the application

   296

    to use the modified definitions.)

   297

   298

    b) Use a suitable shared library mechanism for linking with the

   299

    Library.  A suitable mechanism is one that (1) uses at run time a

   300

    copy of the library already present on the user's computer system,

   301

    rather than copying library functions into the executable, and (2)

   302

    will operate properly with a modified version of the library, if

   303

    the user installs one, as long as the modified version is

   304

    interface-compatible with the version that the work was made with.

   305

   306

    c) Accompany the work with a written offer, valid for at

   307

    least three years, to give the same user the materials

   308

    specified in Subsection 6a, above, for a charge no more

   309

    than the cost of performing this distribution.

   310

   311

    d) If distribution of the work is made by offering access to copy

   312

    from a designated place, offer equivalent access to copy the above

   313

    specified materials from the same place.

   314

   315

    e) Verify that the user has already received a copy of these

   316

    materials or that you have already sent this user a copy.

   317

   318

  For an executable, the required form of the "work that uses the

   319

Library" must include any data and utility programs needed for

   320

reproducing the executable from it.  However, as a special exception,

   321

the materials to be distributed need not include anything that is

   322

normally distributed (in either source or binary form) with the major

   323

components (compiler, kernel, and so on) of the operating system on

   324

which the executable runs, unless that component itself accompanies

   325

the executable.

   326

   327

  It may happen that this requirement contradicts the license

   328

restrictions of other proprietary libraries that do not normally

   329

accompany the operating system.  Such a contradiction means you cannot

   330

use both them and the Library together in an executable that you

   331

distribute.

   332

   333

  7. You may place library facilities that are a work based on the

   334

Library side-by-side in a single library together with other library

   335

facilities not covered by this License, and distribute such a combined

   336

library, provided that the separate distribution of the work based on

   337

the Library and of the other library facilities is otherwise

   338

permitted, and provided that you do these two things:

   339

   340

    a) Accompany the combined library with a copy of the same work

   341

    based on the Library, uncombined with any other library

   342

    facilities.  This must be distributed under the terms of the

   343

    Sections above.

   344

   345

    b) Give prominent notice with the combined library of the fact

   346

    that part of it is a work based on the Library, and explaining

   347

    where to find the accompanying uncombined form of the same work.

   348

   349

  8. You may not copy, modify, sublicense, link with, or distribute

   350

the Library except as expressly provided under this License.  Any

   351

attempt otherwise to copy, modify, sublicense, link with, or

   352

distribute the Library is void, and will automatically terminate your

   353

rights under this License.  However, parties who have received copies,

   354

or rights, from you under this License will not have their licenses

   355

terminated so long as such parties remain in full compliance.

   356

   357

  9. You are not required to accept this License, since you have not

   358

signed it.  However, nothing else grants you permission to modify or

   359

distribute the Library or its derivative works.  These actions are

   360

prohibited by law if you do not accept this License.  Therefore, by

   361

modifying or distributing the Library (or any work based on the

   362

Library), you indicate your acceptance of this License to do so, and

   363

all its terms and conditions for copying, distributing or modifying

   364

the Library or works based on it.

   365

   366

  10. Each time you redistribute the Library (or any work based on the

   367

Library), the recipient automatically receives a license from the

   368

original licensor to copy, distribute, link with or modify the Library

   369

subject to these terms and conditions.  You may not impose any further

   370

restrictions on the recipients' exercise of the rights granted herein.

   371

You are not responsible for enforcing compliance by third parties with

   372

this License.

   373

   374

  11. If, as a consequence of a court judgment or allegation of patent

   375

infringement or for any other reason (not limited to patent issues),

   376

conditions are imposed on you (whether by court order, agreement or

   377

otherwise) that contradict the conditions of this License, they do not

   378

excuse you from the conditions of this License.  If you cannot

   379

distribute so as to satisfy simultaneously your obligations under this

   380

License and any other pertinent obligations, then as a consequence you

   381

may not distribute the Library at all.  For example, if a patent

   382

license would not permit royalty-free redistribution of the Library by

   383

all those who receive copies directly or indirectly through you, then

   384

the only way you could satisfy both it and this License would be to

   385

refrain entirely from distribution of the Library.

   386

   387

If any portion of this section is held invalid or unenforceable under any

   388

particular circumstance, the balance of the section is intended to apply,

   389

and the section as a whole is intended to apply in other circumstances.

   390

   391

It is not the purpose of this section to induce you to infringe any

   392

patents or other property right claims or to contest validity of any

   393

such claims; this section has the sole purpose of protecting the

   394

integrity of the free software distribution system which is

   395

implemented by public license practices.  Many people have made

   396

generous contributions to the wide range of software distributed

   397

through that system in reliance on consistent application of that

   398

system; it is up to the author/donor to decide if he or she is willing

   399

to distribute software through any other system and a licensee cannot

   400

impose that choice.

   401

   402

This section is intended to make thoroughly clear what is believed to

   403

be a consequence of the rest of this License.

   404

   405

  12. If the distribution and/or use of the Library is restricted in

   406

certain countries either by patents or by copyrighted interfaces, the

   407

original copyright holder who places the Library under this License may add

   408

an explicit geographical distribution limitation excluding those countries,

   409

so that distribution is permitted only in or among countries not thus

   410

excluded.  In such case, this License incorporates the limitation as if

   411

written in the body of this License.

   412

   413

  13. The Free Software Foundation may publish revised and/or new

   414

versions of the Lesser General Public License from time to time.

   415

Such new versions will be similar in spirit to the present version,

   416

but may differ in detail to address new problems or concerns.

   417

   418

Each version is given a distinguishing version number.  If the Library

   419

specifies a version number of this License which applies to it and

   420

"any later version", you have the option of following the terms and

   421

conditions either of that version or of any later version published by

   422

the Free Software Foundation.  If the Library does not specify a

   423

license version number, you may choose any version ever published by

   424

the Free Software Foundation.

   425

   426

  14. If you wish to incorporate parts of the Library into other free

   427

programs whose distribution conditions are incompatible with these,

   428

write to the author to ask for permission.  For software which is

   429

copyrighted by the Free Software Foundation, write to the Free

   430

Software Foundation; we sometimes make exceptions for this.  Our

   431

decision will be guided by the two goals of preserving the free status

   432

of all derivatives of our free software and of promoting the sharing

   433

and reuse of software generally.

   434

   435

                            NO WARRANTY

   436

   437

  15. BECAUSE THE LIBRARY IS LICENSED FREE OF CHARGE, THERE IS NO

   438

WARRANTY FOR THE LIBRARY, TO THE EXTENT PERMITTED BY APPLICABLE LAW.

   439

EXCEPT WHEN OTHERWISE STATED IN WRITING THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND/OR

   440

OTHER PARTIES PROVIDE THE LIBRARY "AS IS" WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY

   441

KIND, EITHER EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE

   442

IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR

   443

PURPOSE.  THE ENTIRE RISK AS TO THE QUALITY AND PERFORMANCE OF THE

   444

LIBRARY IS WITH YOU.  SHOULD THE LIBRARY PROVE DEFECTIVE, YOU ASSUME

   445

THE COST OF ALL NECESSARY SERVICING, REPAIR OR CORRECTION.

   446

   447

  16. IN NO EVENT UNLESS REQUIRED BY APPLICABLE LAW OR AGREED TO IN

   448

WRITING WILL ANY COPYRIGHT HOLDER, OR ANY OTHER PARTY WHO MAY MODIFY

   449

AND/OR REDISTRIBUTE THE LIBRARY AS PERMITTED ABOVE, BE LIABLE TO YOU

   450

FOR DAMAGES, INCLUDING ANY GENERAL, SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL OR

   451

CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES ARISING OUT OF THE USE OR INABILITY TO USE THE

   452

LIBRARY (INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO LOSS OF DATA OR DATA BEING

   453

RENDERED INACCURATE OR LOSSES SUSTAINED BY YOU OR THIRD PARTIES OR A

   454

FAILURE OF THE LIBRARY TO OPERATE WITH ANY OTHER SOFTWARE), EVEN IF

   455

SUCH HOLDER OR OTHER PARTY HAS BEEN ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH

   456

DAMAGES.

   457

   458

                     END OF TERMS AND CONDITIONS

   459

   460

           How to Apply These Terms to Your New Libraries

   461

   462

  If you develop a new library, and you want it to be of the greatest

   463

possible use to the public, we recommend making it free software that

   464

everyone can redistribute and change.  You can do so by permitting

   465

redistribution under these terms (or, alternatively, under the terms of the

   466

ordinary General Public License).

   467

   468

  To apply these terms, attach the following notices to the library.  It is

   469

safest to attach them to the start of each source file to most effectively

   470

convey the exclusion of warranty; and each file should have at least the

   471

"copyright" line and a pointer to where the full notice is found.

   472

   473

    <one line to give the library's name and a brief idea of what it does.>

   474

    Copyright (C) <year>  <name of author>

   475

   476

    This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or

   477

    modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public

   478

    License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either

   479

    version 2.1 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.

   480

   481

    This library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,

   482

    but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of

   483

    MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU

   484

    Lesser General Public License for more details.

   485

   486

    You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public

   487

    License along with this library; if not, write to the Free Software

   488

    Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA  02110-1301  USA

   489

   490

Also add information on how to contact you by electronic and paper mail.

   491

   492

You should also get your employer (if you work as a programmer) or your

   493

school, if any, to sign a "copyright disclaimer" for the library, if

   494

necessary.  Here is a sample; alter the names:

   495

   496

  Yoyodyne, Inc., hereby disclaims all copyright interest in the

   497